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Learn About Bowie, Maryland

Bowie is a city located in Prince George’s County.  In 1853, Colonel William Duckett Bowie received a charter from the Maryland legislature to construct a rail line.  In 1869, the Baltimore & Potomac Railroad Company began building a railroad from Baltimore to Southern Maryland.  The rail line ended at Pope’s Creek in Charles County.  At the time, the surrounding area contained many small farms and large tobacco plantations, and its economy was based on agriculture and slavery.

In 1870, a land speculator and developer sold building lots around Bowie’s railroad junction, creating a settlement named Huntington City.  By 1872, the rail line was completed, and a “spur” line connected the area to Washington, DC.  In 1880, Huntington City was re-chartered as Bowie.  The town was named for Oden Bowie, Colonel Bowie’s son and business partner.  Oden Bowie was a former Governor of Maryland and served as president of the Baltimore & Potomac Railroad.

In Bowie’s early years, developers subdivided the land into more than 500 residential building lots.  This created a large town site at the junction of the Baltimore & Potomac Railroad’s main line and spur.  In 1902, the Baltimore & Potomac Railroad was purchased by the Pennsylvania Railroad. Bowie gained a second railroad connection in 1908, when the Washington, Baltimore and Annapolis Electric Railway began service.

In 1914, the Southern Maryland Agricultural Society built the Bowie Race Track.  The track helped make the Belair Stud one of Maryland’s premier thoroughbred breeding areas.  Around the same time, a teacher-training college for African Americans was established just outside the town.  This institution later became Bowie State University.  The town of Bowie was officially incorporated in 1916.

Over time, Bowie grew from a small railroad stop into the largest municipality in Prince George’s County.  The city covers 16 square miles, with nearly 2,000 acres designated as parks or open space.  Bowie has 72 ball fields, three community centers, and an ice arena at Allen Pond Park.  The city also features the Bowie Town Center, the 800-seat Bowie Center for the Performing Arts, a 150-seat theatrical playhouse, a golf course, and three museums.

Bowie’s railroad history is preserved at the Huntington Railroad Museum, which is housed in restored railroad buildings at the local rail station.  In 2006, the city reopened the Bowie Building Association building, a small brick-and-block structure constructed around 1930.  Today, the building serves as a Welcome Center.  It originally housed the Bowie Building Association, which helped finance much of the community’s early development.

Bowie is also home to the Bowie Baysox, a Class AA Eastern League professional baseball team affiliated with the Baltimore Orioles.  The team relocated to Bowie from Hagerstown in 1993 and began playing at Prince George’s Stadium in 1994.  In 2015, the Baysox won their first Eastern League Championship, defeating the Reading Fightin Phils in five games.